openstack命令创建云主机实例_在线工具Live2D

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目录
  • 前言
  • 上传centos镜像
  • 创建实例
  • 创建外网卡
  • 修改安全组规则
  • 创建云主机实例

前言

简单创建云主机实例只需要上传一个测试镜像、创建一张外网卡、创建一个实例类型、修改安全组规则即可
注:这里的两条命令是为了解决 虚拟机 环境下的 QEMU模拟器错误 导致云主机无法使用的问题,旧版本先电v2.2不存在此问题,真实服务器请忽略。

## 更改配置文件并重启 nova-compute 服务 [root@compute ~]# crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt virt_type  qemu [root@compute ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute 

上传centos镜像

上传一个centos镜像,还可以设置最小启动磁盘与内存等,可以参考文档

ages]# openstack image create --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --file ./CentOS_7.2_x86_64_XD.qcow2 centos

[root@controller images]# openstack image create --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --file ./CentOS_7.2_x86_64_XD.qcow2 centos +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | Field            | Value                                                | +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | checksum         | ea197f4c679b8e1ce34c0aa70ae2a94a                     | | container_format | bare                                                 | | created_at       | 2022-04-30T20:53:21Z                                 | | disk_format      | qcow2                                                | | file             | /v2/images/2be3f0d5-2090-490c-8b91-84d96912e7c6/file | | id               | 2be3f0d5-2090-490c-8b91-84d96912e7c6                 | | min_disk         | 0                                                    | | min_ram          | 0                                                    | | name             | centos                                               | | owner            | 0635fff1ca6c42ab983e8a05d533eda3                     | | protected        | False                                                | | schema           | /v2/schemas/image                                    | | size             | 400752640                                            | | status           | active                                               | | tags             |                                                      | | updated_at       | 2022-04-30T20:53:23Z                                 | | virtual_size     | None                                                 | | visibility       | shared                                               | +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ 

创建实例

创建一个名为test0的实例

openstack flavor create --disk 10 --ram 1024 --vcpu 2 --id 99999 test0

[root@controller ~]# openstack flavor create --disk 10 --ram 1024 --vcpu 2 --id 99999 test0 +----------------------------+-------+ | Field                      | Value | +----------------------------+-------+ | OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled   | False | | OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral  | 0     | | disk                       | 10    | | id                         | 99999 | | name                       | test0 | | os-flavor-access:is_public | True  | | properties                 |       | | ram                        | 1024  | | rxtx_factor                | 1.0   | | swap                       |       | | vcpus                      | 2     | +----------------------------+-------+ 

创建外网卡

注:若使用 虚拟机 搭建,外部网络类型请选择Flat;若使用 服务器 搭建,外部网络类型请选择VLAN;注意不要重复执行命令,二选一执行。

openstack network create --provider-network-type vlan --provider-physical-network provider network-vlan --provider-segment 200

[root@controller ~]# openstack network create --provider-network-type vlan --provider-physical-network provider ext-net --provider-segment 200 +---------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ | Field                     | Value                                                     | +---------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up            | UP                                                        | | availability_zone_hints   |                                                           | | availability_zones        |                                                           | | created_at                | 2022-04-10T05:02:18Z                                      | | description               |                                                           | | dns_domain                | None                                                      | | id                        | cccedc78-027d-40e9-afbd-708154923ca6                      | | ipv4_address_scope        | None                                                      | | ipv6_address_scope        | None                                                      | | is_default                | False                                                     | | is_vlan_transparent       | None                                                      | | location                  | cloud='', project.domain_id=, project.domain_name='000000',  project.id='1776912d52a7444d8b2d09eb86e8d1d9', project.name='admin', region_name='',  zone=                                                                                  | | mtu                       | 1500                                                      | | name                      | ext-net                                              | | port_security_enabled     | True                                                      | | project_id                | 1776912d52a7444d8b2d09eb86e8d1d9                          | | provider:network_type     | vlan                                                      | | provider:physical_network | provider                                                  | | provider:segmentation_id  | 200                                                       | | qos_policy_id             | None                                                      | | revision_number           | 1                                                         | | router:external           | Internal                                                  | | segments                  | None                                                      | | shared                    | False                                                     | | status                    | ACTIVE                                                    | | subnets                   |                                                           | | tags                      |                                                           | | updated_at                | 2022-04-10T05:02:18Z                                      | +---------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ 

创建子网

openstack subnet create --network ext-net --allocation-pool start=10.60.3.10,end=10.60.3.200 --gateway 10.60.3.1 --subnet-range 10.60.3.0/24 ext-subnet

[root@controller ~]# openstack subnet list [root@controller ~]# openstack subnet create  --network ext-net  --allocation-pool start=10.60.3.10,end=10.60.3.200 --gateway 10.60.3.1 --subnet-range 10.60.3.0/24  ext-subnet +-------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field             | Value                                                            | +-------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ | allocation_pools  | 10.60.3.10-10.60.3.200                                  | | cidr              | 10.60.3.0/24                                                 | | created_at        | 2022-04-10T05:03:52Z                                             | | description       |                                                                  | | dns_nameservers   |                                                                  | | enable_dhcp       | True                                                             | | gateway_ip        | 10.60.3.1                                                    | | host_routes       |                                                                  | | id                | 69c14fff-de95-440a-bc8e-fe9f43e4b424                             | | ip_version        | 4                                                                | | ipv6_address_mode | None                                                             | | ipv6_ra_mode      | None                                                             | | location          | cloud='', project.domain_id=, project.domain_name='000000',  project.id='1776912d52a7444d8b2d09eb86e8d1d9', project.name='admin', region_name='',  zone=                                                                                 | | name              | ext-subnet                                                      | | network_id        | cccedc78-027d-40e9-afbd-708154923ca6                             | | prefix_length     | None                                                             | | project_id        | 1776912d52a7444d8b2d09eb86e8d1d9                                 | | revision_number   | 0                                                                | | segment_id        | None                                                             | | service_types     |                                                                  | | subnetpool_id     | None                                                             | | tags              |                                                                  | | updated_at        | 2022-04-10T05:03:52Z                                             | +-------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ 

修改安全组规则

添加所有的udp、icmp、tcp的出入口
查看安全组id

openstack security group list

[root@controller ~]# openstack security group list +--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+ | ID                                   | Name    | Description            | Project                          | +--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+ |                                  | | 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697 | default | Default security group | 0635fff1ca6c42ab983e8a05d533eda3 | | +--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+ 

添加所有ifmp规则入口

openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --ingress 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697

[root@controller ~]# openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --ingress 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697 +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field             | Value                                | +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | created_at        | 2022-04-30T21:22:54Z                 | | description       |                                      | | direction         | ingress                              | | ether_type        | IPv4                                 | | id                | 869e67e5-5571-4c03-a21c-715e3dd51a5c | | name              | None                                 | | port_range_max    | None                                 | | port_range_min    | None                                 | | project_id        | 0635fff1ca6c42ab983e8a05d533eda3     | | protocol          | icmp                                 | | remote_group_id   | None                                 | | remote_ip_prefix  | 0.0.0.0/0                            | | revision_number   | 0                                    | | security_group_id | 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697 | | updated_at        | 2022-04-30T21:22:54Z                 | +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ 

添加所有icmp规则出口

openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --egress 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697

[root@controller ~]# openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --egress 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697 +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field             | Value                                | +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ | created_at        | 2022-04-30T21:27:42Z                 | | description       |                                      | | direction         | egress                               | | ether_type        | IPv4                                 | | id                | ede63376-0eeb-4a6b-9dd9-f3a63418c85b | | name              | None                                 | | port_range_max    | None                                 | | port_range_min    | None                                 | | project_id        | 0635fff1ca6c42ab983e8a05d533eda3     | | protocol          | icmp                                 | | remote_group_id   | None                                 | | remote_ip_prefix  | 0.0.0.0/0                            | | revision_number   | 0                                    | | security_group_id | 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697 | | updated_at        | 2022-04-30T21:27:42Z                 | +-------------------+--------------------------------------+ 

添加所有udp规则入口

openstack security group rule create --protocol udp --ingress 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697

添加所有udp规则出口

openstack security group rule create --protocol udp --egress 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697

添加所有tcp规则入口

openstack security group rule create --protocol tcp --ingress 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697

添加所有tcp规则出口

openstack security group rule create --protocol tcp --egress 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697

查看安全组规则

openstack security group rule list 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697

[root@controller ~]# openstack security group rule list 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697 +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------------+ | ID                                   | IP Protocol | IP Range  | Port Range | Remote Security Group | +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------------+ | 869e67e5-5571-4c03-a21c-715e3dd51a5c | icmp        | 0.0.0.0/0 |            | None                  | | 8a91bc8e-c9cd-4bf1-86ae-0c6d9eef67e7 | udp         | 0.0.0.0/0 |            | None                  | | b525b93f-ffb6-4b84-be99-fdfd6f0fad75 | tcp         | 0.0.0.0/0 |            | None                  | | dfea0691-0903-4cdf-b775-297eb6858f0d | udp         | 0.0.0.0/0 |            | None                  | | ede63376-0eeb-4a6b-9dd9-f3a63418c85b | icmp        | 0.0.0.0/0 |            | None                  | | f9371589-1b17-4e5b-9f8d-798055cdc662 | tcp         | 0.0.0.0/0 |            | None                  | +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------------+ 

创建云主机实例

openstack server create --image centos --flavor test0 --network ext-net --security-group 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697 test

[root@controller ~]# openstack server create --image centos --flavor test0 --network ext-net --security-group 712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697 test +-------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+ | Field                               | Value                                         | +-------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+ | OS-DCF:diskConfig                   | MANUAL                                        | | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone         |                                               | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host                | None                                          | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | None                                          | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name       |                                               | | OS-EXT-STS:power_state              | NOSTATE                                       | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state               | scheduling                                    | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state                 | building                                      | | OS-SRV-USG:launched_at              | None                                          | | OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at            | None                                          | | accessIPv4                          |                                               | | accessIPv6                          |                                               | | addresses                           |                                               | | adminPass                           | QPNdhd27eT9S                                  | | config_drive                        |                                               | | created                             | 2022-04-30T21:38:08Z                          | | flavor                              | test0 (99999)                                 | | hostId                              |                                               | | id                                  | 3a8870c8-411a-4674-b075-568dbf7f2bb1          | | image                               | centos (cc01ec45-6683-4fe1-ab4b-d38ca295d3d0) | | key_name                            | None                                          | | name                                | test                                          | | progress                            | 0                                             | | project_id                          | 0635fff1ca6c42ab983e8a05d533eda3              | | properties                          |                                               | | security_groups                     | name='712025d7-6aa6-40e4-9104-4df6706b6697'   | | status                              | BUILD                                         | | updated                             | 2022-04-30T21:38:08Z                          | | user_id                             | 71b51689f3e94be4927ed7d96ef6925b              | | volumes_attached                    |                                               | +-------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+ 

查看并测试

[root@controller ~]# openstack server list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+--------------------------------------------+--------+--------+ | ID                                   | Name       | Status | Networks                                   | Image  | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+--------------------------------------------+--------+--------+ | 7ae48fd3-7ec7-4011-af07-1d75bc9578a4 | test       | ACTIVE | ext-net=10.60.3.11                         | centos | test10  |   +--------------------------------------+------------+--------+--------------------------------------------+--------+--------+ [root@controller ~]# ping 10.60.3.11 PING 10.60.3.11 (10.60.3.11) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.60.3.11: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.256 ms 64 bytes from 10.60.3.11: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.279 ms 64 bytes from 10.60.3.11: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.253 ms 64 bytes from 10.60.3.11: icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=0.242 ms 64 bytes from 10.60.3.11: icmp_seq=5 ttl=63 time=0.223 ms